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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Factors Influencing Second and Third Dose Observance during Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC): A Quantitative Study in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger

  This study aims to evaluate the factors influencing the adherence to the 2nd and 3rd doses of Amodiaquine (AQ) during seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. Overall, 3132 people were interviewed during surveys between 2019 and 2020 in 15 health districts. In Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger, the proportions of non-adherence were 4.15%, 5.60%, and 13.30%, respectively, for the 2nd dose and 3.98%, 5.60% and 14.39% for the 3rd dose. The main cause of non-adherence to the 2nd and 3rd doses was other illnesses in 28.5% and 29.78%, respectively, in Burkina Faso, 5.35% and 5.35% in Mali and 1.6% and 0.75% in Niger. It was followed by vomiting in 12.24% and 10.63% for Burkina and 2.45% and 3.78% in Niger. The last cause was refusal in 6.12% and 4.25% in Burkina, 33.9% and 15.25% in Mali and 0.8% and 1.51% in Niger. Non-adherence of doses related to parents was primarily due to their absence in 28.5% and 27.65% in Burkina, 16.07% and 16.07% in Mali and 7.37% and 6.06% in Niger. Traveling was the second cause related to parents in 12.24% and 12.76% in Burkina, 19.64% and 19.64% in Mali and 0.81% and 0.75% in Niger. Non-adherence related to community distributors was mainly due to missing the doses in 4.08% and 4.25% in Burkina, 23.21% and 23.21% in Mali, 77.04% and 76.51% in Niger. Our study reported very small proportions of non-adherence to 2nd and 3rd doses of SMC and identified the main causes of non-adherence. These findings will provide helpful information for policymakers and public health authorities to improve adherence to SMC

  Biostatistiques et épidémiologieParasitologie et mycologieMaladies infectieuses et tropicalesLicence : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ().

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Factors influencing the rollout and uptake of COVID-19 rapid diagnostic testing: qualitative insights from six African nations

  Patrick A. Njukeng, Charles Njumkeng, Prudence Tatiana Nti Mvilongo, Elvis T. Amin, Akemfua Fualefac, Serge Raoul Ekukole Ekome, Abderahim Mahamat Nadjib, Lethso Thibaut Ocko Gokaba, Ousmane Sani, Bandaogo Ousséni, Alusine Fofana, Kah Evans Ngha, Kekeletso Kao

  IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected healthcare systems in Africa, revealing urgent Challenges in resource-limited settings and the need for effective diagnostic strategies. This study examines the factors influencing the rollout and uptake of COVID-19 antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) in six African countries: Cameroon, Chad, Burkina Faso, Niger, Sierra Leone, and the Republic of Congo.MethodsUtilizing qualitative methodologies, we conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) with healthcare personnel, community health workers, and community members to explore barriers and facilitators affecting decentralized testing efforts.ResultsKey barriers identified include misinformation, distrust in government intentions, staff demotivation, and stigma surrounding positive test results. In contrast, facilitators such as community engagement, short turn around turn, international travel requirement and the involvement of community health workers in testing process emerged as strong motivators for testing uptake. Findings emphasize the critical importance of coherent communication strategies and community sensitization efforts to combat misinformation and foster acceptance of testing. Moreover, Integrating COVID-19 testing into routine healthcare surveillance and strengthening community health systems through capacity building are essential for improving overall public health responses. Stakeholders highlighted government policies, including public awareness campaigns, Media engagement and decentralisation of testing services, as essential in improving testing coverage.ConclusionThis study underscores the need for targeted interventions that respect local contexts, enhancing the resilience and strength of healthcare systems and pandemic preparedness in Africa against current and future public health challenges.

  Santé publiqueLicence : This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journa

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Factors related to excessive out-of-pocket expenditures among the ultra-poor after discontinuity of PBF: a cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso

  Yvonne Beaugé, Valéry Ridde, Emmanuel Bonnet, Sidibé Souleymane, Naasegnibe Kuunibe, Manuela De Allegri

  BackgroundMeasuring progress towards financial risk protection for the poorest is essential within the framework of Universal Health Coverage. The study assessed the level of out-of-pocket expenditure and factors associated with excessive out-of-pocket expenditure among the ultra-poor who had been targeted and exempted within the context of the performance-based financing intervention in Burkina Faso. Ultra-poor were selected based on a community-based approach and provided with an exemption card allowing them to access healthcare services free of charge.MethodsWe performed a descriptive analysis of the level of out-of-pocket expenditure on formal healthcare services using data from a cross-sectional study conducted in Diébougou district. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to investigate the factors related to excessive out-of-pocket expenditure among the ultra-poor. The analysis was restricted to individuals who reported formal health service utilisation for an illness-episode within the last six months. Excessive spending was defined as having expenditure greater than or equal to two times the median out-of-pocket expenditure.ResultsExemption card ownership was reported by 83.64% of the respondents. With an average of FCFA 23051.62 (USD 39.18), the ultra-poor had to supplement a significant amount of out-of-pocket expenditure to receive formal healthcare services at public health facilities which were supposed to be free. The probability of incurring excessive out-of-pocket expenditure was negatively associated with being female (β = − 2.072, p = 0.00, ME = − 0.324; p = 0.000) and having an exemption card (β = − 1.787, p = 0.025; ME = − 0.279, p = 0.014).ConclusionsUser fee exemptions are associated with reduced out-of-pocket expenditure for the ultra-poor. Our results demonstrate the importance of free care and better implementation of existing exemption policies. The ultra-poor’s elevated risk due to multi-morbidities and severity of illness need to

  Santé publiqueLicence : Open Access http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Fading Roars? A Survey of the Cultural Use and Illegal Trade in Wild Felid Body Parts in Côte d’Ivoire

  Simple SummaryThe illegal trade in wild felids is a serious threat to their survival in West Africa, including in Côte d’Ivoire. From April to June 2024, we conducted an exploratory study in 16 towns and villages across Côte d’Ivoire to understand the characteristics and some of the general drivers of the illegal trade in wild cat products. We surveyed 46 markets and interviewed 39 sellers and 14 users of felid products. We discovered that more than 80% of the cities visited had wild felid products for sale, nearly half of the markets were selling leopard parts and 25% were selling lion parts. This trade was mostly driven by the demand for body parts used in traditional medicine and cultural practices, with leopards and lions having high cultural significance. Sellers and users indicated that most products were sourced from northern neighboring countries, even if some countries in other African regions were also mentioned. We recommend continuing to monitor the illegal wildlife trade through the development of regional databases and enhanced market and consumer survey protocols. Additionally, targeted behavioral change campaigns should be implemented to address corruption, increase enforcement agencies’ capacity and interest in tackling the illegal wildlife trade, and shift the practices of traditional practitioners toward sustainable alternatives. AbstractThe illegal trade in leopard and lion parts is a major threat to felid conservation across Africa, especially in under-researched areas like francophone West Africa. Between April and June 2024, we conducted surveys in 16 cities and 46 markets in Côte d’Ivoire, interviewing 39 sellers and 14 users of felid products. We found leopard and lion parts in 42.7% and 25% of stalls, respectively. The illegal trade is driven by the demand for felid products for traditional purposes, with both species holding strong symbolic values. Products were often trafficked through informal networks and sourced from Sahelian neighbori

  Biologie cellulaire et moléculaireGénétiqueBiostatistiques et épidémiologieLicence : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ().

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  Faible taux de succès du sevrage tabagique à court et moyen termes au décours d'un infarctus aigu du myocarde dans un service de cardiologie de Dakar au Sénégal

  Alassane Mbaye, Adja Mariétou Diop, Momar Dioum, Malick Bodian, Mouhamadou Bamba Ndiaye, Adama Kane, Nobila Valentin Yaméogo, Maboury Diao, Oumar Ba, Abdoul Kane

  IntroductionLe tabagisme est un puissant facteur de risque cardio-vasculaire. Son sevrage semble moins bien pris en compte chez les coronariens. Les objectifs de ce travail étaient d’évaluer la prévalence du tabagisme et le sevrage tabagique au décours d'un infarctus du myocarde dans un service de cardiologie au Sénégal.MéthodesIl s'agit d'une étude transversale et descriptive réalisée entre janvier 2008 et juin 2010. Nous avons recruté les patients hospitalisés pour infarctus du myocarde puis les fumeurs actifs ont été inclus dans notre enquête. Les malades étaient sensibilisés pour l'arrêt du tabac puis suivis à 3 mois, 6 mois et 12 mois pour évaluer le sevrage tabagique.RésultatsNous avons recensé 82 patients hospitalisés pour un infarctus du myocarde, parmi eux 26 sujets (25 hommes) étaient fumeurs (31,7%). L’âge moyen des sujets fumeurs était de 56±11,5 ans. La consommation moyenne de tabac était de 32±14 paquets-année et le score moyen de Fagerström de 8. Tous les patients ont arrêté le tabac pendant l'hospitalisation. Après un suivi de 3 mois, 45% des patients ont repris le tabac, 65% à 6 mois et 85% à 12 mois.ConclusionLe tabagisme est assez fréquent chez les patients sénégalais présentant un infarctus du myocarde. Le taux de sevrage tabagique à court et moyen termes est faible. Le sevrage tabagique devrait alors constituer un objectif privilégié dans la prévention des maladies cardio-vasculaires.

  Biostatistiques et épidémiologieMédecine interne (cardiologie, endocrinologie, néphrologie…)Santé publiqueLicence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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• Lien vers la sourceArticle

  Faire du fromage sans vache : la fermentation de précision, nouvel eldorado des industriels ?

  Valerie Xandry, Romain Chayot, Yves Le Loir

  C’est une révolution silencieuse à l’œuvre dans le secteur des produits laitiers. Son nom ? La fermentation de précision, une technologie qui permet de produire certaines protéines de lait en se passant des vaches. A la clé, des fromages ou yaourts avec une texture semblable aux classiques de nos frigos. Si leur vente n’est pas encore autorisée en Europe, les géants du secteur regardent avec gourmandise les opportunités que dessine une telle technologie.

  Microbiologie (bactériologie, virologie)Parasitologie et mycologieLicence : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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  Faisabilité et pertinence de la check-list de sécurité au bloc opératoire central du Centre Hospitalier Régional de Saint Louis du Sénégal

  Moustapha Diedhiou, Philippe Manyacka, Mactar Dieng, Jacques Noel Tendeng, Mohamed Lamine Diao, Ousmane Thiam, Hady Tall, Issa Thiam, Ibrahima Konaté

  IntroductionLa check-list (CL) de sécurité au bloc opératoire est un outil de qualité qui permet de réduire la morbimortalité péri opératoire. C’est une des exigences de la Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS) française dans la procédure de certification des établissements de santé. L’objectif de ce travail est de réaliser une évaluation quantitative et qualitative de l’utilisation de cet outil au sein du bloc opératoire central du centre hospitalier Régional de Saint Louis.MéthodesUne évaluation prospective des indicateurs de l’utilisation pratique de la check-list et de son apport dans l’amélioration des pratiques chirurgicales au bloc opératoire du centre hospitalier régional de Saint-Louis a été entamée depuis son lancement en mars 2016.RésultatsLe taux d’utilisation de la CL était de 75%, le taux de conformité était de 60%; le taux de renseignements était de 99% pour les items pré-induction, 93% pour les items pré-incision et 88% pour les items postopératoires. Seules 73% des CL analysées avaient été remplies avec une communication orale effective aux trois temps. La CL a permis de détecter des dysfonctionnements matériels et/ou des événements indésirables dans 15% des cas. Aucune erreur d’identification de patient ni de coté opéré ne furent objectivées dans notre étude.ConclusionLa CL participe au développement de la culture de sécurité dans les blocs opératoires, et a débouché sur la mise en place d’une cartographie des risques au bloc opératoire. Certes importante, elle ne doit néanmoins pas être présentée comme l’outil magique pour éviter les erreurs, mais s’intègre dans l’amélioration de la qualité des soins avec d’autres programmes comme le signalement d’évènements indésirables et les revues de morbi-mortalités.

  Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Falciparum malaria in young children of rural Burkina Faso: comparison of survey data in 1999 with 2009

  Claudia Beiersmann, Mamadou Bountogo, Justin Tiendrébeogo, Manuela De Allegri, Valérie R Louis, Boubacar Coulibaly, Maurice Yé, Olaf Mueller

  BackgroundRoll Back Malaria (RBM) interventions such as insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITN) and artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) have become implemented with different velocities in the endemic countries of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in recent years. There is conflicting evidence on how much can be achieved under real life conditions with the current interventions in the highly endemic savannah areas of SSA.MethodsThe study took place in a rural area of north-western Burkina Faso, which was defined as holoendemic in 1999. Clinical and parasitological data were compared in two cohorts of young children of the same age range from eight villages. Surveys took place in June and December of the year 1999 and 2009 respectively.ResultsPrevalence of mosquito net use increased from 22% in 1999 to 73% in 2009, with the majority of nets being ITNs in 2009. In 2009, P. falciparum prevalence was significantly lower compared to 1999 (overall reduction of 22.8%).ConclusionsThe reduction in malaria prevalence in young children observed between 1999 and 2009 in a rural and formerly malaria holoendemic area of Burkina Faso is likely attributable to the increase in ITN availability and utilization over time.

  Biostatistiques et épidémiologieParasitologie et mycologieMaladies infectieuses et tropicalesLicence : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Falling living standards during the COVID-19 crisis: Quantitative evidence from nine developing countries

  Dennis Egger, Edward Miguel, Shana S. Warren, Ashish Shenoy, Elliott Collins, Dean Karlan, Doug Parkerson, A. Mushfiq Mobarak, Günther Fink, Christopher Udry, Michael Walker, Johannes Haushofer, Magdalena Larreboure, Susan Athey, Paula Lopez-Pena, Salim Benhachmi, Macartan Humphreys, Layna Lowe, Niccoló F. Meriggi, Andrew Wabwire, C. Austin Davis, Utz Johann Pape, Tilman Graff, Maarten Voors, Carolyn Nekesa, Corey Vernot

  Income, employment, and food security fell sharply across low- and middle-income countries during the COVID crisis. Despite numerous journalistic accounts, systematic quantitative evidence on economic conditions during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic remains scarce for most low- and middle-income countries, partly due to limitations of official economic statistics in environments with large informal sectors and subsistence agriculture. We assemble evidence from over 30,000 respondents in 16 original household surveys from nine countries in Africa (Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda, Sierra Leone), Asia (Bangladesh, Nepal, Philippines), and Latin America (Colombia). We document declines in employment and income in all settings beginning March 2020. The share of households experiencing an income drop ranges from 8 to 87% (median, 68%). Household coping strategies and government assistance were insufficient to sustain precrisis living standards, resulting in widespread food insecurity and dire economic conditions even 3 months into the crisis. We discuss promising policy responses and speculate about the risk of persistent adverse effects, especially among children and other vulnerable groups.

  Biostatistiques et épidémiologiePédiatrieSanté publiqueLicence : Creative Commons Attribution license This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Family planning services financing in the West African Economic and Monetary Union countries: Trend analysis from 2013 to 2021

  Danielle Yugbaré Belemsaga, Simon T. Nassa, Yann Tapsoba, Kadari Cissé, Désiré L. Dahourou, Henri G. Ouedraogo, Seni Kouanda

  BackgroundAccess to high-quality family planning (FP) services is crucial for addressing unintended pregnancies and maternal mortality. There is uncertainty about health expenditures, especially FP services, by financing sources.AimThe study aims to conduct key analyses on health and reproductive health expenditures in the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU).SettingThis analysis was performed across the eight WAEMU countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Togo) from 2013 to 2021.MethodsWe conducted a secondary data analysis using the Global Health Expenditures Database. The variables were the current health expenditures, reproductive health expenditures, and FP expenditures by funding source (National General Government, External Funding Sources, and National Private Sector). We performed a trend and funding-source analysis in purchasing power parity in United States dollars.ResultsCurrent expenditures allocated to health, reproductive, and FP services increased in recent years, growing by 4.6%, 5.9%, and 2.7% per year, respectively, in the region. The evidence is strong that countries have commitments to improving health and strengthening access to reproductive health services, especially modern contraceptives. However, FP funding is still dependent on external resources. In most countries, including Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea- Bissau, Mali, and Senegal, more than half of FP expenditures are funded by external resources, whereas Côte d’Ivoire and Niger rely heavily on government resources. In Togo, the main FP funding sources are the domestic private resources.ConclusionThe significant dependence of Public Finance management systems on external funding, with the government’s low contribution, may undermine the sustainability of FP programmes in these countries.ContributionThe evidence suggests increasing domestic resource mobilisation for FP through integrated co-financing mechanisms and advocacy for FP re

  Gynécologie-obstétriqueSanté publiqueLicence : Licensee: AOSIS. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Farmers’ preferred tree species and their potential carbon stocks in southern Burkina Faso: Implications for biocarbon initiatives

  The success of terrestrial carbon sequestration projects for rural development in sub-Saharan Africa lies in the (i) involvement of local populations in the selection of woody species, which represent the biological assets they use to meet their daily needs, and (ii) information about the potential of these species to store carbon. Although the latter is a key prerequisite, there is very little information available. To help fill this gap, the present study was undertaken in four pilot villages (Kou, Dao, Vrassan and Cassou) in Ziro Province, south-central Burkina Faso. The objective was to determine carbon storage potential for top-priority woody species preferred by local smallholders. We used (i) participatory rural appraisal consisting of group discussions and key informant interviews to identify priority species and functions, and (ii) landscape assessment of carbon stocks in the preferred woody species. Results revealed 79 priority tree and shrub species grouped into six functions, of which medicine, food and income emerge as the most important ones for the communities. For these functions, smallholders overwhelmingly listed Vitellaria paradoxa, Parkia biglobosa, Afzelia africana, Adansonia digitata, Detarium microcarpum, and Lannea microcarpa among the most important tree species. Among the preferred woody species in Cassou and Kou, the highest quantity of carbon was stored by V. paradoxa (1180 ±209 kg C ha-1 to 2089±522 kg C ha-1) and the lowest by Grewia bicolor (5±1.2 kg C ha-1). The potential carbon stored by the preferred tree communities was estimated at 587.9 Mg C ha-1 (95% CI: 456.7; 719.1 Mg C ha-1) in Kou and256.8 Mg C ha-1 (95% CI: 67.6; 324.4 Mg C ha-1) in Cassou. The study showed that the species that farmers preferred most stored more carbon than species that were less preferred.

  Santé publiqueLicence : Creative Commons Attribution License This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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• Article libreArticle

  Fasciite avec hyperéosinophile (syndrome de Shulman) chez une femme de 34 ans

  Faten Frikha, Zouhir Bahloul

  Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Fasciite nécrosante de la nuque, une forme clinique rare des cellulites cervico-faciales : à propos d'un cas au Togo

  Haréfétéguéna BISSA, Essobiziou AMANA, Koffi Dzidzo Jude AMEGBLE, Hervey REOULEMBAYE DJIM, Winga FOMA

  RésuméNous rapportons le cas d'un patient de 75 ans, diabétique, ayant présenté une fasciite nécrosante cervicale postérieure compliquant une cellulite. Une prise en charge médicale en soins intensifs et un drainage chirurgical ont été entrepris; une excision séquentielle des tissus nécrotiques a laissé une grande perte de substance de la région nucale pour laquelle nous avons opté pour une cicatrisation dirigée dans un premier temps. La couverture définitive de cette perte de substance par lambeau locorégional de rotation ou par greffe de peau mince est discutée. Cependant, elle a été refusée par le patient.

  Licence : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Cet article en libre accès est distribué selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 ().

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  Fasciite nécrosante de la paroi thoracique compliquant un empyème

  Narindra Njarasoa Mihaja Razafimanjato, Lalaina Elianah Rasoamampianina, Manjakaniaina Ravoatrarilandy, Auberlin Felantsoa Rakototiana, Francis Allen Hunald, Luc Hervé Samison, Hanitrala Jean Louis Rakotovao

  La fasciite nécrosante est une infection sévère, rapidement progressive, mutilante, souvent fatale du tissu sous cutané et du fascia profond. Les auteurs rapportent et discutent un rare cas de fasciite nécrosante de la paroi thoracique antérieure secondaire à une pleurésie purulente chez un diabétique. Un diagnostic précoce avec incisions multiples chirurgicales et une antibiothérapie adaptée par voie veineuse diminuent la morbidité et la mortalité causées par cette pathologie.

  Microbiologie (bactériologie, virologie)PharmacologieLicence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Fasciite nécrosante monomicrobienne de la jambe due à l’Acinetobacter baumannii multirésistante chez un adulte sain: rapport d’un cas

  Jean Baptiste Ramampisendrahova, Rado Razafimahatratra, Gaëtan Duval Solofomalala

  La fasciite nécrosante est une infection des tissus mous qui se propage rapidement et se caractérise par une nécrose étendue du fascia profond et superficiel. Il s’agit d’une infection polymicrobienne dans environ 70% des cas. L’infection monomicrobienne est généralement due aux streptocoques β-hémolytiques du groupe A. La fasciite nécrosante monomicrobienne due à l’Acinetobacter baumannii multirésistante est rare et survient généralement chez les patients immunodéprimés, ayant des antécédents médicaux, chez ces sujets l’infection est grave et mortelle à cause de la décompensation des tares sous-jacentes et le choc septique. La survenue de cette entité clinique chez le sujet sain est rare. Nous rapportons l’observation d’un homme âgé de 54 ans en bonne santé atteint d’une fasciite nécrosante monomicrobienne de la jambe gauche due à l’Acinetobacter baumannii multirésistante dont l’évolution était favorable après un débridement chirurgical étendu.

  ImmunologiePharmacologieLicence : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Pan African Medical Journal (ISSN: 1937-8688). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License (), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, p

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  Fasciite nécrosante orbito-palpébrale, compliquant une pansinusite chez une patiente diabétique

  Idriss Benatiya Andaloussi, Meryem Abdellaoui, Salima Bhallil, Hicham Tahri

  La fasciite nécrosante est un processus infectieux grave des tissus sous-cutanés avec une gangrène cutanée et des thromboses vasculaires. Elle reste grave mais heureusement rare. La localisation orbito-palpébrale est exceptionnelle. Le pronostic dépend de la précocité du diagnostic et du traitement. Nous rapportons un rare cas compliquant une pansinusite chez une patiente diabétique âgée de 17 ans.

  Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Fasciite nécrosante: une redoutable affection!

  Sara Elloudi, Fatima Zahra Mernissi

  Médecine interne (cardiologie, endocrinologie, néphrologie…)Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Fasciite nodulaire de la fosse infra-temporale: à propos d’un cas

  Abdelouahid Taleuan, Dounia Kamal, Moad Sebti, Moahamed Nourdine Elalami

  La fasciite nodulaire est une lésion bénigne à prolifération rapide de cellules myofibroblastiques, qui se développe aux dépens d'un fascia musculaire au sein du tissu sous-cutané. Sa croissance rapide et sa richesse cellulaire et mitotique font qu'elle est souvent prise à tort pour un sarcome. D'où l'importance de poser un diagnostic précis pour éviter des chirurgies inutiles et souvent mutilantes.Nous rapportons dans cette observation une localisation exceptionnelle de cette tumeur au niveau de la fosse infra-temporale.

  Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Fasciolosis in a traveler returning from Burkina Faso

  Laurencie Massamba, Jean Testa, Pierre Marty, Jacques Sevestre

  Human distomatoses may be caused by several genera of trematodes, including Fasciola spp., responsible for cosmopolitan fasciolosis. Once widespread in Western Europe, the prevalence of these parasitoses has significantly declined in the last decades. The rarity of these infections may result in overlooking such etiologies. Nevertheless, imported cases are still being diagnosed, notably among migrants and travelers returning from endemic areas. Laboratory assays used for confirmation require different techniques, which exhibit various sensitivities and specificities, thus requiring expertise. In this context, diagnosis of fasciolosis can be challenging, particularly in primary care settings. We present a case of hepatic fasciolosis, likely acquired in Burkina Faso, in a traveler for whom several months elapsed before etiological diagnosis was made. Given the important number of patients visiting endemic areas, and recent migratory movements, the incidence of human imported distomatosis may increase in metropolitan France in the near future. Highlights•Human fasciolosis is a zoonotic trematodosis with a global distribution.•Autochtonous infections are nowadays rare in Europe but travelers may be at risk.•Clinical suspicion should arise in eosinophilia, prompting appropriate testing.•Treatment relies on administration of triclabendazole in two separate doses.

  Biostatistiques et épidémiologieParasitologie et mycologieSanté publiqueLicence : This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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  Fast food over safe food? A qualitative evaluation of a food safety training intervention for street vendors applying the COM-B model in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

  The safety of ready-to-eat food sold in urban informal markets in low and middle-income countries is a pressing public health challenge, that needs to be addressed if we are to establish healthy food systems. Guided by the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation model for Behavior change (COM-B), this qualitative study aimed to explore perceptions of street vendors on their participation in a food safety capacity building intervention, consisting of training and provision of food safety equipment. The intervention aimed to improve food safety behavior of vendors of ready-to-eat chicken in informal markets in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. A total of 24 vendors selling ready-to-eat chicken at street restaurants participated in semi-structured interviews after training, which focused on vendors’ stories of change related to food safety capabilities, opportunities, motivation, and behaviors. Data were thematically analyzed following COM-B components. Vendors noted improvements in psychological (i.e., knowledge, awareness, self-efficacy, perceptions) and physical capabilities (i.e., equipment useability and applicability), and motivations (perceived responsibility, reputation, client satisfaction, profits, consumer demand). Moreover, training and provision of equipment, spill-over effects to employees or neighboring outlets, and social support were perceived as key social and physical opportunities, while structural challenges such as market infrastructure, regulations, financial resources, cost of living, and outlet culture were physical barriers to implement lessons learnt. This study provides insights into the impact of engaging vendors in improving food safety behavior through training and equipment provision. Improvements in vendors’ perceived capabilities and motivation contributed to improved food safety behavior, while contextual barriers hindered the perceived adoption of food safety behaviors.

  Santé publiqueLicence : Creative Commons Attribution License This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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  Fatal sickling-associated microvascular occlusive crisis in a young with sickle cell trait

  Deepti Mutreja, Benjith Paul K, Tilak TVSVGK

  ABSTRACTSickle cell trait (SCT), a heterozygous state characterized by hemoglobin AS, occurs commonly in sub-Saharan Africa, South America, Central America, India, and the Mediterranean countries. SCT is compatible with a normal lifespan and is not commonly regarded as a cause of morbid illness or death compared to its homozygous counterpart. We describe a case of fatal sickling-associated microvascular crisis, identified on post mortem evaluation in a previously undiagnosed 21-year-old military recruit with sickle cell trait. The individual presented with repeated syncope episodes during his training and was autopsied in the pursuit of cardiac anomalies and heat syncope. During the terminal episode, he collapsed and died of severe metabolic complications as he struggled to complete an organized run during routine training activities. To our knowledge, this is the first report of fatal sickling-associated crisis in a military recruit with sickle cell trait from India. This case serves to remind all armed forces and sports physicians of the importance of screening a recruit who is unable to complete exertional physical training for the presence of sickle cell trait.

  HématologieLicence : This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Fausse couche de 8 semaines d´aménorrhée chez une patiente positive au virus SARS-CoV-2

  Mohammed Karam Saoud, Salma Lamsyah, Nissrine Mamouni, Sanaa Errarhay, Chahrazad Bouchikhi, Abdelaziz Banani

  Un nouveau coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) mis en évidence en fin d´année 2019 en Chine se diffuse à travers le monde. Le plus souvent à l´origine d´un syndrome infectieux sans gravité, associant à différents degrés des symptômes bénins (fièvre, toux, myalgies, céphalées et éventuels troubles digestifs). Le SARS-Cov-2 peut être à l´origine de pathologies pulmonaires graves et parfois de décès. Nous présentons ici un cas d´une patiente âgée de 21 ans qui consulte pour une fausse couche de 8 semaines d’aménorrhée (SA) et chez qui on a diagnostiqué une infection concomitante par le virus SARS-CoV-2. L´intérêt de cette observation est de faire un rappel sur le mode de transmission, de discuter la gravité du virus en cas de grossesse et d´étaler le protocole thérapeutique utilisé dans notre pays devant cette épidémie.

  Gynécologie-obstétriqueLicence : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Pan African Medical Journal (ISSN: 1937-8688). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License (), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, p

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  Faut-il continuer à infiltrer le scalp par un anesthésique local pour une craniotomie?

  Mouhssine Doumiri, Youssef Motiaa, Rachid Razine, Morad Amor, Abdelmajid Moussaoui, Saad Kabbaj, Wajdi Maazouzi

  IntroductionLe maintien de la stabilité hémodynamique est un objectif primordial de l'anesthésie pour craniotomie. Peu d’études ont prouvé l'efficacité de l'infiltration du scalp par un anesthésique local pour le maintien de la stabilité hémodynamique après l'incision. L'objectif de notre travail est d’évaluer l'influence de l'infiltration de la ligne d'incision du scalp par la lidocaïne à 0,5% adrénalinée sur les paramètres hémodynamiques après incision pour craniotomie supratentorielle.MéthodesÉtude prospective en double aveugle réalisée au bloc opératoire de l'hôpital des spécialités de Rabat sur une période d'une année incluant 80 malades programmés pour craniotomie supratentorielle. Les malades étaient randomisés par tirage au sort en 2 groupes: Le groupe 1 était infiltré par 40 ml du sérum salé adrénaliné (1/200 000) et le groupe 2 était infiltré par 40 ml de la lidocaïne 0,5% adrénalinée (1/200 000). Le critère de jugement principal était la pression artérielle moyenne (PAM) après l'incision. L’étude statistique a fait appel aux tests t de student et l'U- mann-whitney. Une valeur de p <0.05 était considérée significative.RésultatsL’étude a inclus 80 patients (40 hommes et 40 femmes). L’âge moyen était 42,33±14,76 ans. Le poids moyen était 71,58 ±10 kg. Le 3/4 des patients était ASA 1, seulement 25% étaient ASA2. La durée moyenne de la chirurgie était de 252,06±38,62 mn. Les deux groupes étaient comparables concernant l’âge, le sexe, le poids, la durée d'intervention, le type d'abord chirurgical, la dose totale du fentanyl reçue jusqu'a l'incision, ainsi que les paramètres hémodynamiques avant l'incision. Après l'incision la FC moyenne a augmenté dans les deux groupes: 80,53±7,72 bpm dans le groupe contrôle et 76,85±8,52 bpm dans le groupe lidocaïne. La différence d'augmentation de la FC entre les deux groupes était statistiquement significative (p = 0,047). L'augmentation de la PAM était également significativement plus élevée dans le groupe placebo (96,45± 3

  Médecine interne (cardiologie, endocrinologie, néphrologie…)Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Faut-il préférer une technique chirurgicale dans le traitement des ruptures du tendon d'Achille?

  Redouane Hani, Mohammed Kharmaz, Mohammed Saleh Berrada

  La rupture du tendon d'Achille est de plus en plus fréquente dans le monde et dans notre pays en raison du développement considérable des activités sportives, de l'accroissement de leur intensité et de l'absence de moyens de prévention. Notre travail porte sur une étude concernant 58 cas de rupture du tendon d'Achille, avec un recul moyen compris entre 5 mois et 80 mois. L’âge moyen était de 36 ans, tous les patients inclus ont tous bénéficier d'un traitement chirurgical. Le but de notre étude étant de souligner la supériorité d'une technique chirurgicale par rapport à une autre dans la prise en charge, ainsi qu'une mise au point sur les différents aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques, thérapeutiques et post-thérapeutiques de cette lésion.

  Biostatistiques et épidémiologieSanté publiqueLicence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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