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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Health worker preferences for performance-based payment schemes in a rural health district in Burkina Faso

  Maurice Yé, Eric Diboulo, Moubassira Kagoné, Ali Sié, Rainer Sauerborn, Svetla Loukanova

  BackgroundOne promising way to improve the motivation of healthcare providers and the quality of healthcare services is performance-based incentives (PBIs) also referred as performance-based financing. Our study aims to explore healthcare providers’ preferences for an incentive scheme based on local resources, which aimed at improving the quality of maternal and child health care in the Nouna Health District.DesignA qualitative and quantitative survey was carried out in 2010 involving 94 healthcare providers within 34 health facilities. In addition, in-depth interviews involving a total of 33 key informants were conducted at health facility levels.ResultsOverall, 85% of health workers were in favour of an incentive scheme based on the health district's own financial resources (95% CI: [71.91; 88.08]). Most health workers (95 and 96%) expressed a preference for financial incentives (95% CI: [66.64; 85.36]) and team-based incentives (95% CI: [67.78; 86.22]), respectively. The suggested performance indicators were those linked to antenatal care services, prevention of mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus transmission, neonatal care, and immunization.ConclusionsThe early involvement of health workers and other stakeholders in designing an incentive scheme proved to be valuable. It ensured their effective participation in the process and overall acceptance of the scheme at the end. This study is an important contribution towards the designing of effective PBI schemes.

  Biostatistiques et épidémiologieImmunologiePédiatrieLicence : This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, allowing third parties to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, prov

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Health workers’ knowledge of and attitudes towards computer applications in rural African health facilities

  Felix Sukums, Nathan Mensah, Rose Mpembeni, Jens Kaltschmidt, Walter E. Haefeli, Antje Blank

  BackgroundThe QUALMAT (Quality of Maternal and Prenatal Care: Bridging the Know-do Gap) project has introduced an electronic clinical decision support system (CDSS) for pre-natal and maternal care services in rural primary health facilities in Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Tanzania.ObjectiveTo report an assessment of health providers’ computer knowledge, experience, and attitudes prior to the implementation of the QUALMAT electronic CDSS.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted with providers in 24 QUALMAT project sites. Information was collected using structured questionnaires. Chi-squared tests and one-way ANOVA describe the association between computer knowledge, attitudes, and other factors. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted to gain further insights.ResultsA total of 108 providers responded, 63% were from Tanzania and 37% from Ghana. The mean age was 37.6 years, and 79% were female. Only 40% had ever used computers, and 29% had prior computer training. About 80% were computer illiterate or beginners. Educational level, age, and years of work experience were significantly associated with computer knowledge (p<0.01). Most (95.3%) had positive attitudes towards computers – average score (±SD) of 37.2 (±4.9). Females had significantly lower scores than males. Interviews and group discussions showed that although most were lacking computer knowledge and experience, they were optimistic about overcoming challenges associated with the introduction of computers in their workplace.ConclusionsGiven the low levels of computer knowledge among rural health workers in Africa, it is important to provide adequate training and support to ensure the successful uptake of electronic CDSSs in these settings. The positive attitudes to computers found in this study underscore that also rural care providers are ready to use such technology.

  Gynécologie-obstétriqueSanté publiqueLicence : This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Health workers’ perceptions and challenges in implementing meningococcal serogroup a conjugate vaccine in the routine childhood immunization schedule in Burkina Faso

  Sylvain F. Nkwenkeu, Mohamed F. Jalloh, Jenny A. Walldorf, Robert L. Zoma, Felix Tarbangdo, Soukeynatou Fall, Sansan Hien, Roland Combassere, Cesaire Ky, Ludovic Kambou, Alpha Oumar Diallo, Akshaya Krishnaswamy, Flavien H. Aké, Cynthia Hatcher, Jaymin C. Patel, Isaïe Medah, Ryan T. Novak, Terri B. Hyde, Heidi M. Soeters, Imran Mirza

  BackgroundMeningococcal serogroup A conjugate vaccine (MACV) was introduced in 2017 into the routine childhood immunization schedule (at 15–18 months of age) in Burkina Faso to help reduce meningococcal meningitis burden. MACV was scheduled to be co-administered with the second dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV2), a vaccine already in the national schedule. One year following the introduction of MACV, an assessment was conducted to qualitatively examine health workers’ perceptions of MACV introduction, identify barriers to uptake, and explore opportunities to improve coverage.MethodsTwelve in-depth interviews were conducted with different cadres of health workers in four purposively selected districts in Burkina Faso. Districts were selected to include urban and rural areas as well as high and low MCV2 coverage areas. Respondents included health workers at the following levels: regional health managers (n = 4), district health managers (n = 4), and frontline healthcare providers (n = 4). All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsFour themes emerged around supply and health systems barriers, demand-related barriers, specific challenges related to MACV and MCV2 co-administration, and motivations and efforts to improve vaccination coverage. Supply and health systems barriers included aging cold chain equipment, staff shortages, overworked and poorly trained staff, insufficient supplies and financial resources, and challenges with implementing community outreach activities. Health workers largely viewed MACV introduction as a source of motivation for caregivers to bring their children for the 15- to 18-month visit. However, they also pointed to demand barriers, including cultural practices that sometimes discourage vaccination, misconceptions about vaccines, and religious beliefs. Challenges in co-administering MACV and MCV2 were mainly related to reluctance among health workers to open multi-dos

  Microbiologie (bactériologie, virologie)ImmunologieMaladies infectieuses et tropicalesLicence : Open Access http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provid

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Health workforce strategies during COVID-19 response: insights from 15 countries in the WHO Africa Region

  Adam Ahmat, Sunny C Okoroafor, James Avoka Asamani, Millogo Jean, Abdou Illou Mourtala, Jennifer Nyoni, Kasonde Mwinga

  IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic unveiled huge challenges in health workforce governance in the context of public health emergencies in Africa. Several countries applied several measures to ensure access to qualified and skilled health workers to respond to the pandemic and provide essential health services. However, there has been limited documentation of these measures. This study was undertaken to examine the health workforce governance strategies applied by 15 countries in the World Health Organization (WHO) Africa Region in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe extracted data from country case studies developed from national policy documents, reports and grey literature obtained from the Ministries of Health and other service delivery agencies. This study was conducted from October 2020 to January 2021 in 15 countries - Angola, Burkina Faso, Chad, Eswatini, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal and Togo.ResultsAll 15 countries had national multi-sectoral bodies to manage the COVID-19 response and a costed national COVID-19 response plan. All the countries also reflected human resources for health (HRH) activities along the different response pillars. These activities included training for health workers, and budget for the recruitment or mobilization of additional health workers to support the response, and for provision of financial and non-financial incentives for health workers. Nine countries recruited additional 35,812 health workers either on a permanent or temporary basis to respond to the COVID-19 with an abridged process of recruitment implemented to ensure needed health workers are in place on time. Six countries redeployed 3671 health workers to respond to the COVID-19. The redeployment of existing health workers was reported to have impacted negatively on essential health service provision.ConclusionStrengthening multi-sector engagement in the development of public health emergency pla

  Santé publiqueLicence : Open Access http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Health-Care-Seeking Patterns in the Emerging Private Sector in Burkina Faso: A Population-Based Study of Urban Adult Residents in Ouagadougou

  BackgroundThe private medical care sector is expanding in urban cities in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, people’s health-care-seeking behaviors in this new landscape remain poorly understood; furthermore, distinguishing between public and private providers and among various types of private providers is critical in this investigation. This study assessed, by type, the healthcare providers urban residents in Burkina Faso visit, and their choice determinants.MethodWe conducted a population-based survey of a representative sample of 1,600 households in Ouagadougou from July to November 2011, consisting of 5,820 adults. We assessed the types of providers people typically sought for severe and non-severe conditions. We applied generalized estimating equations in this study.ResultsAmong those surveyed, 97.7% and 53.1% indicated that they seek a formal provider for treating severe and non-severe conditions, respectively. Among the formal provider seekers, 20.5% and 17.0% chose for-profit (FP) providers for treating severe and non-severe conditions, respectively. Insurance coverage was held by 2.0% of those surveyed. Possessing insurance was the strongest predictor for seeking FP, for both severe (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04–1.28), and non-severe conditions (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.07–1.39). Other predictors included being a formal jobholder and holding a higher level education. By contrast, we observed no significant difference in predisposing, enabling, or need characteristics between not-for-profit (NFP) provider seekers and public provider seekers. Proximity was the primary reason for choosing a provider.ConclusionThe results suggested that FP providers play a crucial role in the urban healthcare market in SSA. Socioeconomic status and insurance status are significant predictors of provider choice. The findings can serve as a crucial reference for policymakers in response to the emergence of FP providers in SSA.

  Biostatistiques et épidémiologieSanté publiqueLicence : This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Health-related quality of life of adolescents with sickle cell disease in sub-Saharan Africa: a cross-sectional study

  David Muthahi Kambasu, Joseph Rujumba, Hervé Monka Lekuya, Deogratias Munube, Ezekiel Mupere

  BackgroundSickle cell disease (SCD) is a chronic hematologic disease associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Hemoglobinopathies are the most prevalent genetic disease globally, and SCD is estimated to affect 0.7% of Ugandan. The disease may adversely impact on the quality of life of sickle cell patients. This study aimed to evaluate the health related quality of life (HRoL) of adolescents with SCD.MethodsThis was a mixed-methods study of adolescents with sickle cell disease and their caretakers living in Kampala city, Uganda. All children aged 8–17 years with homozygous sickle cell disease attending the sickle cell clinic at Mulago Hospital during the study period were included in this study. Participants completed the PedsQL™ generic core scales parent-proxy and child self-report questionnaire during a routine clinic visit. HRQoL was the primary outcome measured. Socio-demographics and disease related data were obtained through personal interview with caretakers and reviewing patients’ medical records. Mean scores were used for HRQoL and linear regression for associated factors.ResultsOf the 140 adolescents with SCD included in the study, 40% were male. A total of 95 adolescents (68%) were between the age of 8–12 years with a mean age of 14.25 years. The physical function was assessed slightly higher by adolescents with a mean score of57.5 ± 20.3 compare to caretakers with 52.8 ± 22.1(p < 0.001). As assessed by caretakers, physical HRQoL scores were negatively associated with pain about-10.02 CI [− 19.22, − 0.81](p = 0.033), whereas it was positively associated with Pneumococcal vaccine with the score of 28.43 CI [16.78,40.09](p < 0.001) as assessed by adolescents and 31.37CI [22.22,40.51](p < 0.001) by caretakers. Pneumococcal vaccination impacted positively the psychosocial functioning with a score of 8.67CI [1.51,15.84] (p = 0.018) as assessed by children and 15.94 CI [5.50,26.38](p = 0.003) as assessed by the caretakers.ConclusionsThis study highligh

  Biologie cellulaire et moléculaireGénétiqueImmunologieLicence : Open Access http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provid

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Healthcare providers’ knowledge on sickle cell disease and its management: A pre- and post-training test evaluation outcome

  In resource-limited settings in Africa, which harbour the greatest burden of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) globally, poor care outcomes are driven in part, by a lack of trained healthcare providers (HCP) and an absence of context-specific treatment guidelines appropriate to the level of healthcare facility. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of a structured training program on HCP’s knowledge of SCD in Ghana. This was prospective cross-sectional study involving HCPs from 46 health facilities from 4 out of 16 regions in Ghana. A curriculum and standard slides were developed by SCD experts based on the Sickle Pan African Research Consortium (SPARCO)Standards of care for Sickle Cell Disease in sub-Saharan Africa clinical recommendations. A full-day workshop highlighting the general overview of SCD, diagnosis, health maintenance, acute and chronic complications was then organized. A pre-training test and a post-training test immediately after the workshop were administered and analyzed. A total of 543 HCPs were trained, mostly from primary level facilities (77.7%). The average number of years working with SCD patients was 5 years (Range: < 1–20 years). Most (93%) HCPs had experience with SCD patients but only 43% reported using a form of guideline for the care of SCD patients. The average score in the pre-training test was 8.4/20 (SD:3.3) increasing to 13.1/20(SD:3.6) in the post-training test, (p-value <0.01). The average proportion of persons indicating a correct answer for a question was 50% at the pre-training test increasing to approximately 69% in the post-test, (p-value <0.01). The knowledge of HCPs about SCD and its management was generally low but improved significantly after the standardized training. Further studies are required to assess the impact of HCP training on health outcomes of SCD in resource limited settings.

  HématologieLicence : Creative Commons Attribution License This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Heat stress causes economic and welfare disparities across agroecological zones in Burkina Faso

  Martial A. K. Houessou, Zuhal Elnour, Qinqin Kong, Harald Grethe, Matthew Huber

  Increased warming due to climate change can induce heat stress in humans and adversely affect labour productivity due to heat-related morbidity. Here, we use a simulation model to examine the effects of heat stress, through declined labour capacity under +1.5 °C and 3.5 °C warming scenarios on agriculture and welfare across the three agroecological zones (Sudanian, Sudano-Sahelian, and Sahelian) in Burkina Faso. In the two scenarios, domestic production declines, with outdoor labour-intensive sectors such as cropping and mining being the most affected, reducing gross domestic product by 9% and 20%, respectively. All households lose welfare in all scenarios except non-poor households in the +1.5 °C scenario. Across zones, crop production declines strongest in the crop-producing Sudanian and Sudano-Sahelian zones. In contrast, relative welfare losses are strongest for households in the Sahelian zone. The study highlights the most vulnerable sectors, household groups, and zones requiring urgent attention in heat stress adaptation and mitigation policies. Crop production declines more sharply in the Sudanian and Sudano-Sahelian zones of Burkina Faso under warming of 1.5 °C and 3.5 °C, but relative welfare losses are greater for households in the Sahelian zone, according to an analysis of future model projections

  Santé publiqueLicence : Open Access http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original autho

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  Heavy burden of non-communicable diseases at early age and gender disparities in an adult population of Burkina Faso: world health survey

  Malgorzata Miszkurka, Slim Haddad, Étienne V Langlois, Ellen E Freeman, Seni Kouanda, Maria Victoria Zunzunegui

  BackgroundWHO estimates suggest that age-specific death rates from non-communicable diseases are higher in sub-Saharan Africa than in high-income countries. The objectives of this study were to examine, in Burkina Faso, the prevalence of non-communicable disease symptoms by age, gender, socioeconomic group and setting (rural/urban), and to assess gender and socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence of these symptoms.MethodsWe obtained data from the Burkina Faso World Health Survey, which was conducted in an adult population (18 years and over) with a high response rate (4822/4880 selected individuals). The survey used a multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling strategy to identify participants. The survey collected information on socio-demographic and economic characteristics, as well as data on symptoms of a variety of health conditions. Our study focused on joint disease, back pain, angina pectoris, and asthma. We estimated prevalence correcting for the sampling design. We used multiple Poisson regression to estimate associations between non-communicable disease symptoms, gender, socioeconomic status and setting.ResultsThe overall crude prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were: 16.2% [13.5; 19.2] for joint disease, 24% [21.5; 26.6] for back pain, 17.9% [15.8; 20.2] for angina pectoris, and 11.6% [9.5; 14.2] for asthma. Consistent relationships between age and the prevalence of non-communicable disease symptoms were observed in both men and women from rural and urban settings. There was markedly high prevalence in all conditions studied, starting with young adults. Women presented higher prevalence rates of symptoms than men for all conditions: prevalence ratios and 95% CIs were 1.20 [1.01; 1.43] for joint disease, 1.42 [1.21; 1.66] for back pain, 1.68 [1.39; 2.04] for angina pectoris, and 1.28 [0.99; 1.65] for asthma. Housewives and unemployed women had the highest prevalence rates of non-communicable disease symptoms.ConclusionsOur work suggests

  Biostatistiques et épidémiologieSanté publiqueLicence : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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• Article libreArticleEn anglais

  Helminth exposure and immune response to the two-dose heterologous Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo Ebola vaccine regimen

  BackgroundThe exposure to parasites may influence the immune response to vaccines in endemic African countries. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between helminth exposure to the most prevalent parasitic infections, schistosomiasis, soil transmitted helminths infection and filariasis, and the Ebola virus glycoprotein (EBOV GP) antibody concentration in response to vaccination with the Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccine regimen in African and European participants using samples obtained from three international clinical trials.Methods/Principal findingsWe conducted a study in a subset of participants in the EBL2001, EBL2002 and EBL3001 clinical trials that evaluated the Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccine regimen against EVD in children, adolescents and adults from the United Kingdom, France, Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, Kenya, Uganda and Sierra Leone. Immune markers of helminth exposure at baseline were evaluated by ELISA with three commercial kits which detect IgG antibodies against schistosome, filarial and Strongyloides antigens. Luminex technology was used to measure inflammatory and activation markers, and Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines at baseline. The association between binding IgG antibodies specific to EBOV GP (measured on day 21 post-dose 2 and on Day 365 after the first dose respectively), and helminth exposure at baseline was evaluated using a multivariable linear regression model adjusted for age and study group.Seventy-eight (21.3%) of the 367 participants included in the study had at least one helminth positive ELISA test at baseline, with differences of prevalence between studies and an increased prevalence with age. The most frequently detected antibodies were those to Schistosoma mansoni (10.9%), followed by Acanthocheilonema viteae (9%) and then Strongyloides ratti (7.9%). Among the 41 immunological analytes tested, five were significantly (p < .003) lower in participants with at least one positive helminth ELISA test result: CCL2/MCP1, FGFbasic

  Biostatistiques et épidémiologieParasitologie et mycologieImmunologieLicence : Creative Commons Attribution License This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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  Helsinki by nature: The Nature Step to Respiratory Health

  Tari Haahtela, Leena von Hertzen, Josep M Anto, Chunxue Bai, Abay Baigenzhin, Eric D Bateman, Digambar Behera, Kazi Bennoor, Paulo Camargos, Niels Chavannes, Jaime Correia de Sousa, Alvaro Cruz, Maria Do Céu Teixeira, Marina Erhola, Eeva Furman, Bilun Gemicioğlu, Sandra Gonzalez Diaz, Peter W Hellings, Pekka Jousilahti, Nikolai Khaltaev, Vitezslav Kolek, Piotr Kuna, Stefania La Grutta, Le Thi Tuyet Lan, Tamaz Maglakelidze, Mohamed R Masjedi, Florin Mihaltan, Yousser Mohammad, Elizabete Nunes, Arvid Nyberg, Jorge Quel, Jose Rosado-Pinto, Hironori Sagara, Boleslaw Samolinski, Dean Schraufnagel, Talant Sooronbaev, Mohamed Tag Eldin, Teresa To, Arunas Valiulis, Cherian Varghese, Tuula Vasankari, Giovanni Viegi, Tonya Winders, Anahi Yañez, Arzu Yorgancioğlu, Osman Yusuf, Jean Bousquet, Nils E Billo

  Contexte : « la démarche Nature pour la santé respiratoire » était le thème principal de la 12e Assemblée générale de l'Alliance mondiale contre les maladies respiratoires chroniques (GARD) à Helsinki en août 2018. De nouvelles approches sont nécessaires pour améliorer la santé respiratoire et réduire la mortalité prématurée due aux maladies chroniques de 30 % d'ici 2030 (Objectifs de développement durable des Nations Unies, ODD). La santé planétaire se définit comme la santé de la civilisation humaine et l'état des systèmes naturels dont elle dépend. La santé planétaire et la santé humaine sont interconnectées et doivent être prises en compte par les individus et les gouvernements lors de la réalisation de plusieurs ODD. Résultats : le concept de « Nature Step » est né de recherches innovantes démontrant comment les changements de mode de vie en milieu urbain réduisent le contact avec la biodiversité, appauvrissent le microbiote, affectent la régulation immunitaire et augmentent le risque de maladies non transmissibles. Ce concept appelle à renforcer les liens avec la nature. Il convient de promouvoir l'activité physique en milieu naturel, d'augmenter la consommation de légumes, de fruits et d'eau frais, et de limiter la consommation de boissons sucrées, de tabac et d'alcool. Le lien avec la nature doit faire partie intégrante du quotidien et être particulièrement mis en avant dans la prise en charge des enfants et des personnes âgées. Intégrer la « nature » ​​aux villes modernes de manière contrôlée est possible, mais représente un défi pour l'urbanisme, la conservation de la nature, le logement, la circulation, la production d'énergie et, surtout, l'approvisionnement et la distribution de nourriture. Des mesures contre les facteurs de risque respiratoire bien connus que sont la pollution de l'air et le tabagisme, doivent être prises simultanément. Conclusions : en Finlande et ailleurs en Europe, des programmes efficaces ont été mis en œuvre pour réduire le fardea

  ImmunologieSémiologieMaladies infectieuses et tropicalesLicence : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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  Hémangioendothéliome épithélioïde de la cuisse: à propos d'un cas

  Ahmed Bardouni, Issam Elouakili, Younes Ouchrif, Redouane Ouakrim, Mohammed Kharmaz, Omar Lamrani, Farid Ismael, Abdo Lahlou, Mohammed Ouadaghirie, Mustapha Mahfoud, Mohammed Saleh Berrada, Mouradh El Yaacoubi

  L'hémangioendothéliome épithélioïde (HEE) est une tumeur vasculaire à malignité intermédiaire survenant essentiellement dans l'os, les tissus mous, le poumon et le foie. Souvent considéré comme une tumeur à malignité intermédiaire entre les hémangiomes bénins et les angiosarcomes agressifs, l'HEE comporte un potentiel de récidives locales, de métastases ganglionnaires et à distance et ne s'accompagne pas fréquemment de décès. Les auteurs rapportent l'observation d'un patient de 70 ans, Ayant présenté un hémangioendothéliomeépithélioïde des parties molles de la cuisse avec un recul de 1an sans récidive.

  Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Hémangiome capillaire de la paupière supérieure

  Hakima Elouarradi, Rajae Daoudi

  Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Hémangiome fusiforme: une localisation inhabituelle

  Fatima Zahra Nasreddine, Bouchra Baghad, Soumiya Chiheb

  L'hémangiome à cellules fusiformes été décrit par Weiss et Enzinger en 1986 et anciennement nommé hémangioendothéliome à cellules fusiformes. Depuis l'avènement des études immunohistochimique il n'est plus considéré en tant qu'angiosarcome de bas grade. C'est une tumeur bénigne vasculaire. Il touche presque exclusivement le derme des extrémités distales. Nous rapportons le premier cas avec localisation au niveau de l'omoplate, du sein, des cuisses et de la mandibule. Selon la littérature, seulement 9 cas localisés au niveau de la tête et le cou ont été rapportés. Nous rapportons un nouveau cas de cette entité rare et mal connue qui peut prêter confusion avec les tumeurs malignes. Notre patient avait une localisation au niveau de l'omoplate, du sein, des cuisses et de la mandibule. Une biopsie-exérèse était réalisée. L’évolution a été favorable avec un recul de 6 mois, sans rechute.

  ImmunologieLicence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Hémangiome hépatique géant de découverte tomodensitométrique

  Traore Abdoulaye Ababacar, Alaoui Lamrani Youssef

  Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Hémangiome intestinal: une cause inhabituelle d'hémorragie digestive inexpliquée, rapport d'un cas

  Ghizlane Kharrasse, Hanane Hadjkacem, Rachid Azouguagh, Mehdi Soufi, Omar El Malki, Moulay Ezzahy Ismaili, Raouf Mohcine, Lahcen Ifrine, Abdelkader Belkouchi

  Les hémangiomes de l'intestin grêle (HG) sont des tumeurs bénignes et rares du tube digestif, parfois responsables d'hémorragie digestive. Le diagnostic positif de ces lésions est souvent difficile mais rendu plus aisé grâce à l'avènement de la vidéo capsule endoscopique (VCE), le traitement est essentiellement chirurgical. Nous rapportons une nouvelle observation d'un hémangiome caverneux du jéjunum révélé par une hémorragie digestive récidivante et diagnostiqué par VCE et nous discutons l'apport de cet examen dans la prise en charge de l'hémorragie digestive inexpliquée tout en la comparant aux autres explorations actuellement disponibles.

  Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Hémangiome surrénalien: à propos d’un cas

  Noureddine Njoumi, Nabil Jakhlal, Mohammed Laaroussi, Faicel Mohafid, Mohammed Najih, Hicham Iraki, Aziz Zentar

  L’hémangiome surrénalien est une entité histologique très rare appartenant au groupe des incidentalomes. Il est souvent asymptomatique, de découverte fortuite lors d’un examen d’imagerie sollicité par une autre affection abdominale. Nous rapportons dans ce travail un seul cas permettant d’étoffer la série internationale qui reste jusqu’à nos jours très limitée.

  Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Hémangiome vertébrale géant révélé par un traumatisme lombaire: à propos d'un cas

  Abdelilah Mouhsine, Adil Essanhaji, El Mehdi Atmane, Radouane Rokhssi, B Ouchaib Kadiri, Mbark Mahfoudi, Abdelghani El Fikri

  L'hémangiome vertebral est une tumeur bénigne fréquente, c'est une lésion bénigne habituellement asymptomatique. Les formes évolutives résponsables de compression médullaire sont beaucoup plus rares, une surveillance clinique et radiologique est conseillé. Nous mettons en exergue à travers ce cas revelé par des signes de compression médullaire suite à une chute, l'intérêt de l'imagerie en coupes dans le diagnostic positif; pour déceler les formes compliquées, et pour orienter l'attitude thérapeutique. Les formes neurologiques nécessitent une prise en charge neurochirurgicale.

  Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Hémangiopéricytome de l'angle ponto-cérébelleux: cas clinique et revue de la littérature

  Jaafar Najib, khalid Aniba, Mehdi Laghmari, Mohammed Lmejjati, Houssine Ghannane, Said Ait Benali, Hind Ennadam, Hind Jalal, Cherif idrissi

  Les hémangiopéricytomes primitifs du système nerveux central sont rares et représentent moins de 1% des tumeurs intracraniennes. La localisation au niveau de l'angle ponto-cerebelleux est très rare, pouvant simuler un neurinome de l'acoustique ou un méningiome. Le diagnostic de certitude est basé sur l’étude histologique et immunohistochimique. Notre but est d'illustrer avec une revue de la littérature les aspects clinico-radiologiques, anatomopathologiques et la prise en charge thérapeutique de ce type de lésion.

  ImmunologieLicence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Hemangiopericytome nasosinusien: difficulté diagnostique et thérapeutique

  Mohamed Roubal, Aziza Horra, Mohamed Yahya Bajja, Hicham El Ettar, Reda Abada, Sami Rouadi, Mohamed Mahtar, Abdelaziz Janah, Fatmi Kadiri

  L'hemangiopericytome est une tumeur vasculaire rare, développée à partir des pericytes des capillaires, dans sa localisation nasosinusienne elle ne représente que 0 .5% de l'ensemble des tumeurs de cette région. Une jeune de 35ans a présenté une tumeur rapidement évolutive au cours du bilan diagnostic, l’étude anatomopathologique a conclu à un hémangiopericytome.

  Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Hématocell – atlas d'hématologie cellulaire

  Hématocell

  Atlas en ligne de cytologie sanguine et médullaire, avec images de frottis et fiches de pathologies.

  HématologieLicence : lecture-libre

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  Hematological reference intervals determination in adults at Gondar university hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

  Aregawi Yalew, Betelihem Terefe, Meseret Alem, Bamlaku Enawgaw

  BackgroundHematological reference values are important for the clinical decisions in laboratory diagnosis and monitoring of patients. The correct interpretation of laboratory results depends entirely on the reference intervals that have been established for the locality. But, in sub-Saharan African countries particularly in Ethiopia, locally derived reference intervals were not established and they are forced to use intervals established from western population. Thus this study aimed to establish locally derived hematological reference values that could be used in Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted from April to May 2014 with 120 male and 120 female apparently health adult blood donors at Gondar University Hospital. A structured pretested questionnaire was used for socio demographic and clinical data collection. About 4 ml of blood was collected with EDTA test tube and analyzed using Cell-Dyn 1800 to enumerate the hematological parameters. The data were collected and entered into SPSS version 20 for analysis. Mann–Whitney U test was used to determine reference intervals and Harris and Boyd test was used to determine the reference intervals that need partition. The 95th percentile of measurements was taken as a reference interval.ResultsMedian and 95th percentile of WBC for general population were lower than Caucasian population, Addis Ababa, Burkina Faso and Kenya of similar studies. The RBC, Hgb and PCV lower 95% limit values of both sex were lower than studies in Addis Ababa, Kenya, Burkina Faso and text book. While PCV upper limit values higher than the above countries. MCV values of the current study were higher than those countries while MCHC values were lower. Similarly, the absolute values of neutrophils in the current study were lower than Caucasian and Afro Caribbean but higher than African countries and Jamaica but lymphocyte count was higher.ConclusionsThe hematological reference intervals established in this study was differe

  Santé publiqueLicence : Open Access http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provid

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  Hématome de la fosse cérébrale postérieur d'un nouveau-né après naissance par ventouse

  Faycal Moufid, Noureddine Oulali

  L'hématome sous-dural est fréquent chez l'adulte, par ailleurs son incidence chez le nouveau-né est rare, environ une centaine de cas dans la littérature. Nous rapportons un cas d'hématome sous-dural de la fosse cérébrale postérieur chez un n-né de 1 mois après naissance par ventouse, traité par abord chirurgicale de la FCP par un seul trou de trépan élargie.

  PédiatrieLicence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  Hématome hépatique néonatal: à propos d’un cas

  Hanae Harchaoui, Bousayna Iraqi, Houria knouni, Youness Taboz, Hasnae Benkirane, Hassan Aguenaou, Amina Barkat

  L'hématome hépatique est une affection méconnue, peut être gravissime et son diagnostic se fait souvent lors de l'autopsie périnatale. Devant une symptomatologie clinique, souvent, non spécifique et un tableau biologique retardé, le diagnostic est basé essentiellement sur l'échographie et le traitement est souvent conservateur. Nous rapportons un cas d'hématome hépatique chez un nouveau-né à terme, asymptomatique dans un contexte de traumatisme obstétrical.

  PédiatrieGynécologie-obstétriqueLicence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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