Le Blueberry Muffin Baby est un syndrome cutané rare observé en période néonatale. Il est caractérisé par des papulo-nodules disséminés inflammatoires traduisant des réactions d'hématopoïèse dermique. Plusieurs causes doivent être recherchées, notamment les infections congénitales, une hémolyse sévère et les pathologies tumorales. Nous rapportons l'observation d'un nouveau-né chez qui l'aspect d'un Blueberry muffin baby a conduit au diagnostic d'une leucémie aiguë myéloïde.
PédiatrieLicence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Dans le cadre de la valorisation des ressources microbiennes, le département MICA a souvent été confronté à la gestion de la propriété intellectuelle associée à ces ressources et aux questions réglementaires liées à l’Accès et au Partage des Avantages découlant de leur utilisation (Protocole de Nagoya/APA). Pour répondre à ces problématiques, le département MICA a constitué un groupe de travail coordonné par Angèle Charrier, Chargée de Partenariat et d’Innovation du département et impliquant des membres du réseau CIRM et d’INRAE transfert. L’objectif de ce groupe de travail était de concevoir un outil destiné aux chercheurs utilisateurs de micro-organismes. Il a abouti à la création du mémo « Bonnes pratiques en valorisation de micro-organismes ». La rédaction de ce mémo s’est appuyée sur les particularités des micro-organismes en général. Les questions relatives à l’origine des ressources (respect du protocole de Nagoya et de l’APA), leur historique d’acquisition et de diffusion (INRAE est-il le détenteur légitime de ces ressources ? La diffusion de ces ressources est-elle maîtrisée ?) et les conditions d’utilisation et de valorisation (qu’ai-je le droit de faire avec ces ressources et sont-elles valorisables ?) restent valables pour tous types de ressources biologiques. Dans ce contexte, une démarche semblable pourrait être envisagée pour des ressources biologiques, autres que microbiennes, soumises aux mêmes contraintes de propriété intellectuelle et réglementaires mais portant d’autres spécificités. Ce mémo, qui a pris la forme de la plaquette présentée ici, a pour ambition d’aider les chercheurs à respecter la propriété intellectuelle et la réglementation en vigueur, dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche ou de valorisation
Microbiologie (bactériologie, virologie)Parasitologie et mycologieLicence : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Paul Sondo, Marc Christian Tahita, Hamidou Ilboudo, Toussaint Rouamba, Karim Derra, Gauthier Tougri, Florence Ouédraogo, Béatrice Marie Adélaïde Konseibo, Eli Roamba, Sabina Dahlström Otienoburu, Bérenger Kaboré, Kalynn Kennon, Kadija Ouédraogo, Wend-Timbe-Noma Arlette Raïssa Zongo, Fadima Yaya Bocoum, Kasia Stepniewska, Mehul Dhorda, Philippe J. Guérin, Halidou Tinto
BackgroundPlasmodium falciparum malaria remains a major public health concern in sub-Sahara Africa. Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) with amodiaquine + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is one of the most important preventive interventions. Despite its implementation, the burden of malaria is still very high in children under five years old in Burkina Faso, suggesting that the expected impact of this promising strategy might not be attained. Development of innovative strategies to improve the efficacy of these existing malaria control measures is essential. In such context, we postulate that screening and treatment of malaria in household members of children receiving SMC could greatly improve the impact of SMC intervention and reduce malaria transmission in endemic settings.MethodsThis randomized superiority trial will be carried out in the Nanoro health district, Burkina Faso. The unit of randomisation will be the household and all eligible children from a household will be allocated to the same study group. Households with 3–59 months old children will be assigned to either (i) control group (SMC alone) or (ii) intervention (SMC+ screening of household members with standard Histidin Rich Protein Rapid Diagnostic Test (HRP2-RDT) and treatment if positive). The sample size will be 526 isolated households per arm, i.e., around 1052 children under SMC coverage and an expected 1315 household members. Included children will be followed-up for 24 months to fully cover two consecutive malaria transmission seasons and two SMC cycles. Children will be actively followed-up during the malaria transmission seasons while in the dry seasons the follow-up will be passive.ConclusionThe study will respond to a major public health concern by providing evidence of the efficacy of an innovative strategy to boost the impact of SMC intervention.
Parasitologie et mycologieMaladies infectieuses et tropicalesPédiatrieLicence : Open Access http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as
BackgroundWhile IPTp-SP is currently being scaled up in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the coverage with the required ≥2 doses of SP remains considerably short of the Roll Back Malaria (RBM) goal of 80%, not to mention of the recently advocated universal coverage.MethodsThe study triangulates quantitative data from a health center randomized community-based trial on IPTp-SP effectiveness and the additional benefit of a promotional campaign with qualitative data from focused ethnography.FindingsIn rural Burkina Faso, despite the significantly higher risk of malaria infection among adolescent primigravidae (PG) (OR 2.44 95%CI 1.81–3.28, p<0.001), making them primary target beneficiaries of IPTp-SP, adolescents adhered to the required three or more ANC visits significantly less (PG: 46.6%; SG 43.7%) than adults (PG: 61.9%; SG 54.9%) and had lower SP uptake during the malaria transmission season, further showing the difficulty of reaching this age group. Adolescents' structural constraints (such as their social position and household labor requirements) and needs (such as anonymity in the health encounter) leave them highly vulnerable during their pregnancies and, especially, during the high malaria transmission season.ConclusionOur study shows that adolescents need to be targeted specifically, prior to their first pregnancy and with measures adapted to their social context, addressing their structural constraints and needs and going beyond standard health promotion campaigns. Unless such specific measures are taken, adolescents' social vulnerability will present a serious bottleneck for the effectiveness of IPTi-SP.
Parasitologie et mycologieMaladies infectieuses et tropicalesGynécologie-obstétriqueLicence : This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
IntroductionGray literature on gender-based violence (GBV) in universities shows that female students are the most vulnerable group. In our context, this study examines the forms of GBV and the profiles of perpetrators at Daniel Ouezzin Coulibaly University.MethodsA mixed-methods approach was adopted. The questionnaire survey involved 300 students, and interview guides were administered to 23 participants (students, lecturers, and administrative staff).ResultsFindings indicate that 92.7% of students are familiar with the concept of GBV. Among female students, 45.86% report physical violence, 44.17% psychological or emotional abuse, and 9.97% cultural violence. Sexual harassment through inappropriate touching is a major concern, affecting 30% of respondents. Perpetrators include students (38.46%), lecturers (27.44%), administrative staff (26.92%), and classmates (7.18%).Discussion/conclusionThese results highlight the high prevalence of GBV in higher education institutions and the urgent need for targeted interventions, including institutional policies, improved infrastructure, and tailored prevention programmes.
Biostatistiques et épidémiologieSanté publiqueLicence : Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journa
Studies examining norms and behaviors around female genital mutilation (FGM) are needed to accelerate progress towards the elimination of this harmful practice. This study uses nationally representative data from a pilot FGM module among women ages 15–49 from Burkina Faso collected in 2023/2024. Three main outcomes related to attitudes, norms and behaviors are used to determine which women who themselves experienced FGM are early adopters of norms and behaviors for stopping the practice in the future. Of the 95% of women who know about FGM, 69.5% experienced FGM, with higher prevalence in rural (74%) than in urban (55%) areas. Results demonstrate that among women who experienced FGM, education level and living in a Christian-headed household are associated with having early adopter attitudes, norms, and behaviors. Conversely, girls and younger women (ages 15–24) are less likely to have early adopter attitudes, norms, and behaviors than their older counterparts (ages 35+). Further, in the analysis of whether women who experienced FGM themselves performed FGM on their daughter(s) or if they would consider FGM for a daughter, for those who do not have daughters, we find that those who are innovators and not practicing FGM are more educated and Christian. In addition, younger women are more likely to report that they would continue FGM than their older counterparts. Results are discussed in the context of strategies to eliminate FGM, particularly among women in communities where FGM is common.
Biostatistiques et épidémiologieSanté publiqueLicence : Creative Commons Attribution License This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Michela Biancolella, Nabonswindé Lamoussa Marie Ouédraogo, Nayi Zongo, Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon, Barbara Testa, Barbara Rizzacasa, Andrea Latini, Chiara Conte, Tégwindé Rebeca Compaore, Charlemagne Marie Rayang-Newendé Ouedraogo, Si Simon Traore, Jacques Simpore, Giuseppe Novelli
BackgroundBreast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in Africa after cervical cancer. Even if the epidemiological data are now aligned with those relating to industrialized countries, the knowledge concerning breast cancer in Africa, particularly in Western Africa, still lack clinical data, medical treatments, and the evaluation of genetic and non-genetic factors implicated in the etiology of the disease. The early onset and the aggressiveness of diagnosed breast cancers in patients of African ancestry strongly suggest that the genetic risk factor may be a key component, but so far, very few studies on the impact of germ line mutations in breast cancer in Africa have been conducted, with negative consequences on prevention, awareness and patient management. Through Next Generation sequencing (NGS), we analyzed all of the coding regions and the exon–intron junctions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes—the two most important genes in hereditary breast cancer—in fifty-one women from Burkina Faso with early onset of breast cancer with or without a family history.ResultsWe identified six different pathogenic mutations (three in BRCA1, three in BRCA2), two of which were recurrent in eight unrelated women. Furthermore, we identified, in four other patients, two variants of uncertain clinical significance (VUS) and two variants never previously described in literature, although one of them is present in the dbSNP database.ConclusionsThis is the first study in which the entire coding sequence of BRCA genes has been analyzed through Next Generation Sequencing in Burkinabe young women with breast cancer. Our data support the importance of genetic risk factors in the etiology of breast cancer in this population and suggest the necessity to improve the genetic cancer risk assessment. Furthermore, the identification of the most frequent mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in the population of Burkina Faso will allow th
Biologie cellulaire et moléculaireGénétiqueBiostatistiques et épidémiologieLicence : Open Access http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as
Hierrhum Aboubacar Bambara, Abdou Azaque Zouré, Alexis Yobi Sawadogo, Abdoul Karim Ouattara, Nabonswindé Lamoussa Marie Ouédraogo, Si Simon Traoré, Youssef Bakri, Jacques Simpore
IntroductionBreast cancer is a common cause of death among women in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to determine a descriptive profile of 80 women and establish a description of risk factors associated with breast cancer in these women.MethodsThis cross-sectional study recruited women with breast cancer in Ouagadougou. Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo in Burkina Faso from January 2015 to February 2016. We have collected data on socio-demographic characteristics, reproductive status, clinical information, treatment and molecular characteristics.ResultsThe average age of the study population was 48.2±12.4 years. Family history of breast cancer was reported in 18.75% of the studied participants against 16.25% family history for other types of cancer. Patients from urban areas represented 87.5% of our studied population with 58.75% of household, multiparous (55.0%), no aborts status (56.2%), post-menopausal women (53.75%), no oral contraception (63.75%), regular menstrual cycle (71.25%) and the prevalence of obesity was 12.5%. The clinical and molecular characteristics showed that left-sided breast cancer accounted for 51.25 %, high grade (II and III) represented 93.75 % of cases and the majority of tumors were infiltrating ductal carcinomas (93.75%) with stages III and IV accounted for 50.0%.ConclusionThis study described the distribution of risks factors in a population of breast cancer women. Although more research are needed to support these findings, a clear understanding of risk factors associated with breast cancer would contribute to significantly reduce breast cancer incidence and mortality in Burkina Faso.
Biostatistiques et épidémiologieSanté publiqueLicence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Eric N. Somé, Ingunn M. S. Engebretsen, Nicolas Nagot, Nicolas Meda, Carl Lombard, Roselyne Vallo, Marianne Peries, Chipepo Kankasa, James K. Tumwine, G. Justus Hofmeyr, Mandisa Singata, Kim Harper, Philippe Van De Perre, Thorkild Tylleskar
BackgroundHIV-1 transmission rates have been reduced over the last decade, an estimated 2 million new infections per year arise, including 220,000 paediatric cases. The main post-natal HIV exposure is through breastfeeding, where both its duration and modality (exclusive or not) are associated with postnatal transmission. The ANRS 12174 trial compared HIV-1 postnatal transmission of 2 prophylaxis drugs for infants during lactation (lamivudine and lopinavir-ritonavir). Our objective has been to examine the feeding practices and the determinants of exclusive/ predominant (EPBF) or any breastfeeding among the participants of this trial in Burkina Faso, South Africa, Uganda and Zambia.MethodsMothers infected with HIV-1 and their uninfected offspring were followed from day 7 after birth for 50 weeks, keeping monthly records of their feeding patterns. Feeding was classified into 3 categories: 1) exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months, only breast-milk being given to infant for 6 months, 2) predominant breastfeeding, breast-milk with liquid-based items being given, and 3) mixed feeding, other non-breast milk or solid food being given in addition to breast milk with or without liquid-based items. The categories were merged into 2 groups: EPBF applying to infants aged <6 months and mixed feeding applying to infants of any age. The feeding patterns have been given as Kaplan-Meier curves. A flexible parametric multiple regression model was used to identify the determinants of the mothers’ feeding behaviour.ResultsA total of 1,225 mother-infant pairs provided feeding data from Burkina Faso (N = 204), South Africa (N = 213), Uganda (N = 274) and Zambia (N = 534) between November 2009 and March 2013. The mean maternal age was 27.4 years and the mean BMI was 24.5. 57.7 and 93.9% of mothers initiated breastfeeding within the first hour and first day, respectively. Overall, the median durations of any form of breastfeeding and EPBF were 40.6, and 20.9 weeks, respectivel
Biostatistiques et épidémiologieImmunologiePharmacologieLicence : Open Access http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provid
Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Lutz Hegemann, Vas Narasimhan, Kwaku Marfo, Patrick Kuma-Aboagye, Solomon Ofori-Acquah, Isaac Odame
Background:Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major unresolved global health issue, with the highest disease burden in sub-Saharan African countries; yet, SCD care has not proportionally reached patients in these regions, and the disease has received limited attention in the past. Addressing the burden of SCD in sub-Saharan Africa requires a holistic, collaborative approach to ensure solutions are both comprehensive – i.e., cover the entire continuum of care from early diagnosis to treatment – and sustainable – i.e., are co-created and co-owned with local partners and integrated into existing local systems to enable long-term independence without the need for continuous external support.Objective:We outline a set of recommendations for enhancing the provision of comprehensive healthcare for prevalent diseases in resource-constraint settings, gathered from the Novartis Africa SCD Program, that could serve as ‘blueprint’ for public-private partnerships to tackle global health priorities.Methods:The Novartis Africa SCD program was initiated with the aim to bridge access gaps to SCD care and provide comprehensive and innovative treatment solutions for SCD, especially in SSA where the disease burden is highest. The Program was first inaugurated in 2019 in Ghana through a public-private partnership with the Ministry of Health of the Government of Ghana, the Ghana Health Service, and the Sickle Cell Foundation of Ghana. Through engagement with these partners, as well as with support from other organizations with complementary competencies and resources, several targeted solutions were implemented to help strengthen the healthcare ecosystem to allow for comprehensive SCD management. Learnings from these interventions are highlighted as best practice consideration as a catalyst and to activate more public-private actors for this neglected global health issue.Findings and Conclusions:A solid understanding of the access barriers to comprehensive care has to be acquired by listenin
HématologieLicence : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are
Licence : The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
RÉSUMÉIntroductionLa brucellose humaine est une zoonose fréquente en Tunisie, particulièrement dans les zones rurales à forte activité d’élevage. Sa présentation clinique est très polymorphe, pouvant se manifester sous des formes localisées ou systémiques. Nous rapportons ici trois observations illustrant cette diversité clinique.Observation 1Un homme de 69 ans, diabétique, vivant en zone rurale, consulte pour une tuméfaction cervicale douloureuse. La tomodensitométrie révèle une cellulite et une pyomyosite cervicales. La culture du pus issu de la cellulite était positive à Brucella spp. Le patient a été traité par doxycycline et rifampicine pendant 6 semaines, avec drainage chirurgical, et l’évolution a été favorable.Observation 2Un homme de 48 ans, usager de drogues injectables, a été hospitalisé pour fièvre prolongée associée à un souffle cardiaque. L’échocardiographie a révélé la présence d’une végétation tricuspide (34×24 mm) et une insuffisance tricuspide modérée. L’hémoculture a permis d’isoler Brucella spp. Le traitement a consisté en une association antibiotique incluant doxycycline et rifampicine, complétée par une chirurgie valvulaire. L’évolution a été favorable sous cette prise en charge combinée.Observation 3Un patient cirrhotique de 50 ans a été admis pour encéphalopathie hépatique fébrile, non améliorée par antibiothérapie empirique. L’hémoculture a isolé Brucella spp. Le traitement adapté a conduit à une nette amélioration clinique.ConclusionLa brucellose humaine présente des manifestations cliniques variées qui compliquent son diagnostic. En Tunisie, la vigilance clinique est essentielle pour un diagnostic précoce et une prise en charge adaptée, en particulier chez les patients à risque. Des études prospectives sont nécessaires pour mieux définir les protocoles thérapeutiques, surtout face aux formes complexes.
Microbiologie (bactériologie, virologie)PharmacologieMédecine interne (cardiologie, endocrinologie, néphrologie…)Licence : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Cet article en libre accès est distribué selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 ().
Cette journée, organisée par l'Institut interuniversitaire de médecine du travail de Paris - Ile-de-France, a été l'occasion de faire le point sur les effets du bruit, la prévention possible, notamment vis-à-vis des chocs acoustiques dans les bureaux ouverts, et les nouveautés en matière de prothèses auditives. Une session a été consacrée à l'allergie, avec un rappel sur les mécanismes d'allergie, la présentation de nouveaux allergènes cutanés et le projet d'Observatoire des dermatoses allergiques professionnelles (ODERMAP).
Biostatistiques et épidémiologieImmunologieSémiologieLicence : https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
Florence Postollec, Sabine Herbin, Alexandra Séverac Cauquil, Sébastien Louarn, Marie-Hélène Guinebretière, Rodolphe Vidal, Benoît Thuillier, Louis Coroller
Bacillus thuringiensis ou Bt est une bactérie ubiquiste utilisée dans le domaine agricole en protection des cultures pour ses propriétés insecticides depuis les années 1950. Au niveau taxonomique, Bt appartient au groupe Bacillus cereus (sensu lato), qui contient également des souches pouvant être impliquées dans la qualité et sécurité des aliments. Même si l’utilisation de produits phytosanitaires à base de souches commerciales de Bt est un moyen efficace, facile d’utilisation et avantageux pour la protection des cultures, la persistance de spores sur les végétaux traités n’est pas toujours compatible avec les critères microbiologiques fixés pour leur utilisation dans les denrées alimentaires. Le projet BtID a permis (1) d’évaluer la diversité de B. thuringiensis et le positionnement de souches commerciales au sein du groupe B. cereus ; (2) de passer en revue les pratiques agricoles pour la protection des plantes à base de Bt ainsi que (3) de développer des méthodologies et outils d’aide à la décision permettant d’identifier, distinguer et tracer les souches de Bt autorisées au niveau européen, du champ à l’assiette. La collecte de ces souches commerciales a permis le séquençage du génome de trois représentants distincts majoritaires utilisés en biocontrôle, une caractérisation fine du comportement de ces souches hautement spécialisées, ainsi que d’étudier leur prévalence au niveau des matières premières (légumes) et produits finis (alimentaires transformés).
BiochimieBiologie cellulaire et moléculaireGénétiqueLicence : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Le syndrome de Budd-Chiari primitif est une hépatopathie caractérisée par une obstruction du flux veineux hépatique dans l´espace vasculaire situé entre les veinules hépatiques et la jonction entre la veine cave inférieure et l´oreillette droite excluant donc les causes d´amont (syndrome d´obstruction sinusoïdale) et d´aval (causes cardiaques). Cette obstruction veineuse endoluminale est due principalement à une thrombose ou à sa séquelle fibreuse. C´est une affection rare, qui prédomine chez l´adulte jeune. Les manifestations cliniques sont extrêmement variables, elle peut être asymptomatique, aiguë, subaiguë ou chronique. Le diagnostic repose essentiellement sur l´échographie doppler et/ou l´imagerie par résonance magnétique. Plusieurs étiologies ont été identifiées, en particulier, le syndrome myéloproliferatif, le syndrome des antiphospholipides, l´hémoglobinurie paroxystique nocturne, les affections thrombogènes héréditaires... Le traitement est étiologique et symptomatique, les recommandations thérapeutiques sont organisées en algorithme. Le pronostic est nettement amélioré grâce aux avancées thérapeutiques récentes.
HématologieLicence : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ The Pan African Medical Journal (ISSN: 1937-8688). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License (), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, p
Festus Njuguna, Carole Kilach, Cyrus Njuguna, Erick Ayaye, Christopher Wanjiku, Rachael Korir, Consolata Bor, Nancy Midiwo, Everlyne Aliwa, Elvis Oburah, Samuel Mbunya, Joseph Kipkoech, Mary Ann Etling, Tyler Severance, Charles Nathaniel Nessle, Terry Vik, Manjusha Kumar, Chris Roberson, Anne Greist
Background: Globally, approximately 515,000 infants with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) are born every year. Approximately 80% of these cases occur in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) annually, including 14,000 newborns in Kenya. In SSA, 50%–80% of children will die before the age of 5 years due to a lack of comprehensive SCD care compared to 3% in better-resourced settings.The Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH) SCD Program started in 2010 as a partnership between Moi University, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH), and Indiana Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center (IHTC) with a goal to improve access to comprehensive SCD care by increasing capacity through training, clinical care, research, and advocacy.Findings: The program has trained over 5,000 healthcare workers on different aspects of SCD through face-to-face instruction, virtual training and one-on-one mentorship programs. Early infant screening and support for access to medications like hydroxyurea and antibiotics have been key in improving clinical care. The program has also participated in several research projects and has been a strong advocate for the provision of comprehensive SCD care by the health facilities within the high SCD burden areas in Kenya and the Ministry of Health.Conclusion: The strategies implemented by the program can serve as a template for establishment of SCD care programs in similar resource-limited settings.
Microbiologie (bactériologie, virologie)HématologiePharmacologieLicence : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a known public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The manifestation of SCD starts in early childhood and if not well-managed may lead to early death (before the age of 5 years). Understanding the underlying mechanisms that influence early SCD manifestation is of great importance for early disease and intervention management which will in turn, reduce both morbidity and mortality rates in children. One approach of achieving this is by establishing SCD birth cohorts that can be followed for a period of time (3–5 years) whilst documenting necessary information related to early childhood illnesses. To date, there are few SCD birth cohorts in Africa. To address this gap, we have established a birth cohort of babies with and without SCD (with sickle cell trait and healthy babies). These babies are followed up for 3 years with their study visits synchronized to the immunization schedule. During enrollment and follow-up visits, information on demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters are collected. To date, we have enrolled a total of 341 babies with and without SCD. Out of these, a total of 311, 186, 133, 81, 44, and 16 babies have returned for their 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th visits, respectively. We have collected both demographic and clinical information for these babies at enrollment and during follow-up. We have also utilized this platform to learn on the best approaches of establishing and maintaining a research birth cohort in an African context. We have analyzed the practical issues pertaining to the integration of the birth cohort with the immunization platform which seems to be the most effective and sustainable strategy for maintaining a birth cohort in our context.
Biologie cellulaire et moléculaireGénétiqueBiostatistiques et épidémiologieLicence : This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journa
Resilience is a complex phenomenon whereby a multitude of social and environmental factors, including gender, combine to shape the ways that shocks affect people. Looking at two BRACED (Building Resilience and Adaptation to Climate Extremes and Disasters) projects, in Burkina Faso and in Ethiopia, this article uses a desk review and primary data from partners and people at risk to explore how a gender‐transformative approach can be an integral part of resilience‐building projects, particularly those implemented by multi‐stakeholder consortia. It also suggests ways to incorporate a stronger gender component in similar future projects. The article argues that donors and programme managers must provide clear principles and guidelines for achieving gender equity within resilience‐building efforts. However, these must allow flexibility to adapt to norms, needs and resources as determined by implementing partners. The right balance can be achieved by facilitating spaces for individual and collective goal‐setting; assessing current capacity and trajectories; and lesson‐sharing as an iterative process for institutional learning.
Santé publiqueLicence : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of theLicense, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Laura Kadowaki, Bobbi Symes, Kahir Lalji, Grace Park, Wynona Giannasi, Jennifer Hystad, Elayne McIvor
AbstractIntroduction:Older adults with higher needs are ideal candidates for social prescribing interventions, given the complex and intersectoral nature of their needs. This article describes findings from a developmental evaluation of 19 social prescribing programs for older adults at risk of frailty.Methods:An evaluation of the programs was conducted from 2020 to 2023. We used data from three components of the evaluation: (1) initial evaluation data collected in 2020 and 2021; (2) program profiles developed in 2022; and (3) co-creation sessions conducted in 2023. Results:From startup until March 2023, the programs served a total of 2544 older adults. The community connectors identified factors at the individual, interpersonal, institutional, community and policy levels that contributed to the successful implementation and delivery of their programs (e.g. physician champions, communities of practice, strong pre-existing relationships with the health care system), as well as challenges (e.g. limited capacity of family physicians, lack of community resources). There was strong agreement among community connectors that successful social prescribing programs should include the following core elements: (1) making connections to needed community resources; (2) co-creation of a wellness plan with long-term clients or clients who require intensive supports; (3) ongoing follow-up and check-ins for clients with wellness plans; and (4) an assessment and triaging process for the prioritization of clients.Conclusion:To leverage the full potential of social prescribing interventions, it is essential that programs engage with a range of health and social care providers, that community connectors are skilled and well supported, and that adequate investments are made in the nonprofit and voluntary sector.
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Samuel K. Dadzie, Jewelna Akorli, Mamadou B. Coulibaly, Koffi Mensah Ahadji-Dabla, Ibrahima Baber, Thierry Bobanga, Ali Ould Mohamed Salem Boukhary, Tiago Canelas, Luca Facchinelli, Adéritow Gonçalves, Moussa Guelbeogo, Basile Kamgang, Ibrahima Kalil Keita, Lucien Konan, Rebecca Levine, Nicole Dzuris, Audrey Lenhart
Arboviral diseases such as dengue, Zika and chikungunya transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes have been reported in 34 African countries. Available data indicate that in recent years there have been dengue and chikungunya outbreaks in the West Africa subregion, in countries including Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, Gabon, Senegal, and Benin. These viral diseases are causing an increased public health burden, which impedes poverty reduction and sustainable development. Aedes surveillance and control capacity, which are key to reducing the prevalence of arboviral infections, need to be strengthened in West Africa, to provide information essential for the formulation of effective vector control strategies and the prediction of arboviral disease outbreaks. In line with these objectives, the West African Aedes Surveillance Network (WAASuN) was created in 2017 at a meeting held in Sierra Leone comprising African scientists working on Aedes mosquitoes. This manuscript describes the proceedings and discusses key highlights of the meeting.Graphical Abstract
Biostatistiques et épidémiologieSanté publiqueLicence : Open Access http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as